What is the basis for the design and selection of metal bellows?

What is the basis for the design and selection of metal bellows?
There are more metal bellows used in gas pipelines, so what are the bases for designing and selecting metal bellows? When applying bellows, the system (whole machine) or subsystem (parts) given conditions are the main basis for the design and selection of bellows. According to certain planning conditions, it can generally be divided into the following aspects: (1) larger space scale or diameter; (2) the nature and size of the working load; (3) the working displacement; (4) the working temperature range; (5) the nature of the working medium; (6) the accuracy requirements; (7) the service life.
The main content of metal bellows planning and selection is:According to the given known conditions of the system, select metal bellows data, structural form, geometric scale parameters and functional parameters. In the selection process, to fully meet the bellows in the system application requirements, and strive for a good and reasonable structure, there are conditions to make a better optimization of planning.
1. Data selection. According to the known conditions of metal bellows, such as use, load type and size, accuracy requirements, working medium, working temperature and service life, and consider the data of forming and welding processability. Selection of suitable materials. Data selection also takes into account its market source.
2. Confirm the type of structure. (1) Select the corrugated shape. Select a reasonable corrugated shape according to the use, function and application requirements of the corrugated pipe, as well as the function and manufacturing characteristics of various waveforms. In general, most of them choose U-shaped corrugation. (2) Confirm the number of layers of metal bellows. According to the use of bellows, working pressure, stiffness, working medium and other factors to determine the number of layers of bellows.